某部队医院眼科门诊军人患者疾病谱及季节性差异

Disease Spectrum and Seasonal Difference of the Ophthalmology Disease from Military Outpatients in an army Hospital

目的了解军人患者眼科门诊疾病的病种分布及构成比,为采取针对性防治措施提供科学依据。方法调取2016年1月1日-2016年12月31日眼科门诊计算机系统记录的所有军人患者资料,按照疾病分类进行统计学分析。结果全年共接诊军人患者2436人次,诊断明确的2164人次,门诊眼病构成比前5位的分别是结膜病(35.77%)、眼表疾病(18.04%)、眼睑病(11.95%)、屈光不正(8.77%)和眼外伤(6.88%)。夏季结膜病就诊260人次(占结膜病的28.57%),冬季眼表疾病就诊124人次(占眼表疾病的27.02%),与其它3个季节相比,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=6.814,P=0.009;χ~2=9.250,P=0.002)。眼外伤无显著季节性差异。结论结膜病就诊人次以夏季居多;眼表疾病就诊人次以冬季居多,眼外伤的构成比较大,应针对性地进行预防和眼保健工作。

Objectives To investigate the diseases distribution and constituent of the eye diseases ot military outpatients in an army hospital, and provide scientific basis for prevention measures. Methods The data of all military outpatients in ophthalmological department were analyzed statistically in the computer system from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016, and conducted statistical analysis according to the diseases classification. Results 2436 patients were treated in the whole year in total, and 2164 patients were diagnosed definitely. The top five eye diseases were conjunctival disease （35.77%）, ocular surface disease （18.04%）, eyelid disease （11.95%）, refractive error （8.77%）, and ocular trauma （6. 88%）. Conjunctival disease in summer was 260 person-time （accounting for 28.57% of conjunctival disease）, and ocular surface disease in winter was 124 person-time （accounting for 27.02% of ocular surface disease）, and there were significant differences compared with the other three seasons （χ2=6. 814, P =0. 009; χ2=9. 250, P=0. 002）. Th.ere was no significant seasonal difference in ocular trauma. Conclusions Summer was the season with high constituent of conjunctival disease incidence, and winter was high-occurrence season of ocular surface disease. The proportion of ocular trauma was larger. The eye diseases of military outpatients should be given a targeted prevention and eye care.