云南保山市服务业从业人员生命质量现状研究

Study on the quality of life among service worker in Yunnan Baoshan

目的了解保山市服务业从业人员的生命质量现状和特征,为提高该人群的生命质量提供依据。方法 2015年1~2月采用随机抽样方法抽取前来保山市CDC体检的服务业从业人员,采用WHOQOL-BREF量表进行自填式问卷调查。结果共收集有效问卷139份,总平均分为(70.23±8.13),各模块得分由高到低依次为社会关系(66.55±13.90)、生理(62.83±12.35)、心理(62.35±1.41)、环境(58.05±12.51)。汉族人群在一般健康状况维度得分低于少数民族(t=-2.345,P=0.02);其他服务业从业人员心理和环境维度得分均高于餐饮从业人员(t_(心理)=3.51,t_(环境)=2.30;P<0.05);男性在心理维度得分高于女性(t=2.56,P<0.05);不同年龄组之间一般健康状况得分差异有统计学意义(F=5.207,P=0.002)。结论保山市服务业从业人员生命质量得分可能与民族、环境、心理和性别、年龄有关,可以通过采取改善人群收入水平、住房问题、工作环境等措施来提高他们的生命质量。

Objective To explore the quality of life and epidemiological features among the service worker so as to improve their quality of life（ QOL）. Methods Eligible samples were obtained by using simple random sampling between January and February,2015. The WHOQOL-BREF self-completed by the service workers. Results 139 questionnaires were collected,the overall average score of（ 70. 23 ± 8. 13）,in descending order of the score of each module social relationships（ 66. 55 ± 13. 90）,physiological（ 62. 83 ± 12. 35）,psychological（ 62. 35 ± 1. 41）,the environment（ 58. 05 ± 12. 51）. The Han service workers obtained scores lower than that of minority group in general health domain（ t =-2. 345,P = 0. 02）. The scores of psychological and environmental dimensions of other service workers were higher than those of catering practitioners（ t_（psy）= 3. 51,t_（env）= 2. 30;P 0. 05）,and the male scores higher than the female one in the psychology domain（ t = 2. 56,P 0. 05）. There was significant difference in the scores of general health status among different age groups（ F = 5. 207,P = 0. 002）. Conclusion The race,psychology and environment,gender,and age groups may influence the scores of QOL among service workers,should be focused on improvement of income level,housing problem,work environment to improve their QOL.