论汉语方言的行政法保护

On Administrative Law Protection of Chinese Dialects

在国家推广普通话并取得显著成效的当下,方言的衰落已成为不争的事实。当前,方言保护存在着语言多样性理念缺失、宪法依据不明确、法律制度不健全、推广普通话过程中行政监管色彩过浓、保护力量薄弱、保护方式单一、物质条件不充分等问题。因此,亟需构建方言保护的行政法机制。具体路径为:放松行政管制;引入行政指导、行政给付等多样化行政方式;借力《非物质遗产法》、《博物馆条例》等文化法律法规;构建公众参与和公私合作机制。

The decline of dialects has become an indisputable fact nowadays when the country promotes Putonghua and achieves remarkable results. At present, dialect protection has such problems as the lack of linguistic diversity concept, the unclear constitutional basis, the imperfect legal system, the excessive administrative supervision in the promotion of Putonghua, the weak protection, the single mode of protection, and the inadequate material conditions. Therefore, it is urgent to construct the administrative law mechanism of dialect protection. The specific methods are： to relax the administrative control; to introduce administrative guidance, administrative benefits and other diversified administrative methods; to leverage the Intangible Heritage Act, Museum Ordinance and other cultural laws and regulations; to build public participation and public-private partnerships.