耐有机溶剂微生物的耐受机制、改造策略和应用

Tolerance mechanism,improvement strategy and application of organic-solvent-tolerant microorganisms

耐有机溶剂微生物在生物燃料生产、全细胞催化、酶制剂的开发和生物修复等领域具有非常重要的作用。该文简要介绍了耐有机溶剂微生物及其耐受机制,并从基因过表达、基因敲除和全局转录机制三个方面总结了增强微生物有机溶剂耐受性的方法。通过对耐有机溶剂微生物应用的局限性进行分析,认为未来研究中应注重将微生物耐受表型和具体利用相结合,达到有机溶剂耐受和实际产出的最佳平衡状态,为耐有机溶剂工程菌的改造和选育提供参考。

Organic-solvent-tolerant microorganisms play an important part in biofuelproduction,whole cell catalysis,enzyme preparation and bioremediation.Organic-solvent-tolerant microorganisms and the tolerance mechanism were outlined in the present paper.The methods for enhancing organic solvents tolerance in microorganisms were also summarized in three aspects including gene overexpression,gene knockout and global transcription mechanism.By analyzing the limitations of the application of organic-solvent-tolerant microorganisms,it is considered that future research should focus on incorporating the microorganism tolerance phenotype into specific usage to achieve the best balance between organic solvent tolerance and practical output,which would lay the foundation for the improvement and breeding of organic-solvent-tolerantbacteria.