合作研发对制造业升级的影响研究

Research on the Impacts of Cooperative R&D on the Manufacturing Industry Upgrading

运用DEA非参数Malmquist生产率指数测算了我国制造业29个分行业产业升级情况,采用两阶段最小二乘法(2SLS)实证检验了产学研合作研发和企业间合作研发对制造业升级的影响,并进一步将样本分为劳动和资源密集型与资本和技术密集型行业,检验了合作研发影响制造业升级的行业间差异,且重点关注了不同合作研发模式的内生性问题。研究结果表明,总体上企业间合作研发对我国制造业升级具有正向影响,而产学研合作由于成果转化率低等原因,仅对技术进步具有正向效应,对全要素生产率和技术效率的作用效果不显著。分组回归结果表明:两种合作研发模式在不同要素密集行业中存在不同的作用机制,企业间合作研发对资本和技术密集型制造业的升级具有显著推动作用,而劳动和资源密集型行业由于自身知识储备和技术基础较薄弱,导致合作研发对其升级效果不明显。

This paper uses DEA nonparametric Malmquist productivity index to measure the industry upgrade of29 manufacturing divisions in China over the period of 2005-2011 while taking into account industry-universityinstitute cooperation and inter-firm RD cooperation.Furthermore,to test the differences between the two industries,the sample is divided into labor and resource-intensive,and capital and technology-intensive industries.The results show that inter-firm cooperative RD generally has a positive impact on the upgrading of China＇s manufacturing industry,but the effect of industry-university-institute cooperation is not significant to Total Factor Productivity due to the low transformation rate of their research results.The results of a packet regression show that the two cooperation modes have different mechanisms in industries where different factors are at play;Inter-firm RD cooperation has a positive effect on industry upgrading,but the effect of cooperative research and development on the upgrading of labor and resource intensive-industries is insignificant because of their own limited knowledge and technology level.