“鸿沟”与“鄙视链”:家庭教育投入的阶层差异——基于北上广特大城市的实证分析

"Wide Gap" and "Contempt Chain" : Class Differences in Family Education Investment: Empirical Analysis Based on Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou

针对日益凸显的中产群体子女的教育问题,使用"特大城市居民生活状况调查"数据,从家庭文化环境、家庭教育支出、课外补习参与和志愿者活动参与4个方面对中产阶层与非中产阶层的家庭教育投入状况进行了比较,并分析了两个阶层内部不同家庭之间在子女教育投入上的差异。研究结果表明:与非中产家庭相比,中产家庭的教育投入优势非常明显。同时,在中产阶层和非中产阶层内部,不同家庭之间在子女教育投入上都同样存在着差距,且"教育鸿沟"与"教育鄙视链"并存。受家庭社会经济地位的影响,不同家庭的子女教育投入水平实际上构成了一个"渐变的等级分化序列"。

The emergence and development of the middle class groups have highlighted the issue of children＇s education in this group. Based on the survey data of Living Conditions of Residents in mega-cities, this paper compared the family education investment of the middle class and non-middle class,from the aspects family cultural environment, family education expenditure, private supplementarytutoring, and volunteer activity. The results show that, compared with non-middle class families, theeducation investment of the middle family is much better. Meanwhile, within the middle class and thenon-middle class, there is also a gap between different families in their children忆s education investment.＂ Education Gap＂ and ＂ Contempt Chain＂ coexist. Influenced by socioeconomic status of the family, theeducational investment level of children from different families actually constitutes ＂ a gradualdifferentiation sequence＂ .