影响中美公民参与环境组织行为因素之比较研究

Comparative Study of the Citizens' Participation of Environmental Organizations in China and the United States

通过对"2012世界价值观调查"和"2013中国综合社会调查"中美两国公民参与民间环境组织数据的比较研究,展现了中美两国公众参与环境组织中呈现出来的不同特点,并解读了不同环境意识对中美两国公众环境组织参与状况的影响。研究发现:中国环境组织参与者大多为青年人,而美国则表现为全民参与;中国环境组织参与者的环境意识是建立在环境污染驱动之下的,而美国民众表现出了一种常态下的环境意识;较之美国民众,中国公民的环保组织参与行为有较高的政治倾向。研究结果显示:我国环境组织的发展方向处在一个模式选择的路口,一个方向是合作主义,一个是被动环境维权。

This paper uses the data from World Value Survey and Chinese General Social Survey tocompare the environmental organization participation between China and US. From the model analysis,we find that most Chinese environmental participation is pollution-driven oriented, while the US citizensare more likely to participate due to the high level of environmental awareness. Meanwhile, Chinesecitizens participate environmental organization under the motivation of environmental rights protection,and they are more likely to engage in the political actions. To conclude, we can see that there are twopaths for China＇s environment organization： one is for cooperation; the other is being forced to theenvironment protection.