用户视角下英语习语词典语法信息探析

On the Treatment of Grammatical Information in English Idiom Dictionaries from the User's Perspective

英语习语词典注重语法信息的处理有助于用户加深对习语的理解和使用。笔者采用比较的方法考查了六部英语习语词典的语法信息,发现这些词典语法信息的处理存在不足之处,用户如果仅查询其中一部词典,难以获知某个习语较为完整的语法信息。原因主要有三点:对用户范围的界定过于宽泛;对用户的认知需求不够明确;对用户的认知特点不够了解。文章认为习语词典处理语法信息应考虑用户因素,并提出在前页材料和微观结构中表征习语语法信息的具体做法,以期对完善习语词典语法信息处理有所裨益。

The grammatical information in English idiom dictionaries helps the user comprehend and use idioms. Through a comparative study of grammatical information in six English idiom dictionaries,this article finds out that the user will fail to grasp the overall grammatical information of an idiom if he consults only one of the dictionaries. There are mainly three reasons for this: the target users are too broad; the user's cognitive need is not clearly defined; the knowledge of the user's cognitive characteristics is insufficient. The compiler should give full consideration to the user in their treatment of the grammatical information in idiom dictionaries.The article also offers some methods to select and represent grammatical information in the front matter and the microstructure of idioms dictionaries.