人生论美学与席勒人性美学

The theory of life aesthetics and Schiller's aesthetic system of human nature

席勒的美学体系是一个人性美学体系,即以人性为中心的美学体系。席勒人性美学体系的出发点是资本主义社会初期的人性分裂的事实,最终目的是恢复古希腊时代的人性完整。恢复人性完整的必要途径是美和艺术的审美教育,其理论根据是席勒通过对人性的分析所得出的人性的三种形态:感性的人(自然的人)、审美的人(自由的人)、理性的人(道德的人或政治的人)。中国传统美学思想的人生论美学与席勒人性美学体系是息息相通的。从王国维到蒋孔阳,中国传统美学思想借鉴席勒人性美学思想体系,逐步完善了中国传统人生论美学。蒋孔阳先生则更进一步,在马克思主义实践美学的基础上建立了中国新型的人生论美学。

Schiller’s aesthetic system is an aesthetic system of human nature,which focuses on humanity.The starting point of Schiller’s aesthetic system of human nature is humanity division facts in the early phase of capitalist society,and its ultimate goal is to renew the integral human nature of ancient Greek era.The necessary way to renew the integrity human nature is the aesthetic education of beauty and art,whose theoretical base is the three forms of human nature from the analysis of human nature:perceptual person(natural person),aesthetic person(free person),and rational person(moral or political person).The life theory aesthetics of Chinese traditional aesthetic thoughts is closely connected with Schiller’s human aesthetic system.From Wang Guowei to Jiang Kongyang,Chinese traditional aesthetic thought draws lessons from Schiller human aesthetic ideology and gradually improved the theory of Chinese traditional theory of life aesthetics.And on the basis of Marxist practical aesthetics,Mr Jiang kongyang has established the China's new theory of life aesthetics.