方位词“之上/下”的考察——兼论“之”从结构助词到构词前缀的演变

A Detailed Analysis on the Noun of Locality “Zhishang” and “Zhixia”——The Evolution of “Zhi” From Structural Particles to Affix

派生方位词"之上/下"是由助词"之"和名词"上/下"经常共现由跨层非短语结构重新分析而来。"之上/下"已经脱离名词范畴,由实词虚化为虚词,是一个粘着后置的方位词。其语义的演变主要集中在隐喻作用下的泛化、虚化,从空间域到表示时间、范围、层级、状况等非空间概念。

The derivation of the term＂Zhishang/xia＂（之上/下） is the reanalysis of the noun＂Shang/xia＂（上/下）and the auxiliary word＂Zhi＂.＂Shang/Xia＂has been removed from the noun category, the word is falsified as a false word, it＇s a sticky postposition. The evolution of semantics is mainly centered on the generalization and falsification of metaphor. From the spatial domain to the non-spatial concept of time, scope, hierarchy, state, etc.