巴基斯坦药学教育概况

Review of Pharmacy Education in Pakistan

药学是研究药物的来源、制备与生产、作用与使用、质量与控制的应用科学,其主要任务是不断提供更有效的药物、提高药物质量和保证用药安全有效。合理的用药不仅事关人民健康安全,还关系到国家的发展问题,世界各国对药学高级人才的培养均极为重视。巴基斯坦是我国的友好邻邦,有长期的交往历史,也是世界人口第六大国,其国内的药学发展状况不仅关系到自身国家的发展,还关系到世界人口医疗卫生的发展。随着我国提出"一带一路"的倡议,越来越多巴基斯坦留学生来中国求学,其中半数以上为医药学专业的学生。近年,巴基斯坦药学教育与药学人才的执业要求变化较快,诸多药学院校将药学本科学位改为Pharm.D学位,这种变化是否能改善药物使用情况和提高药学学生的服务能力,仍是值得探讨的问题。西安交通大学以"扎根西部、服务国家、世界一流"为办学定位,承担着巴基斯坦药学人才从本科到博士阶段培养的任务,为达到人才培养的目标,更好地为巴基斯坦培养药学有用人才,保证药物的安全性和有效性,我们需要更深入地了解巴基斯坦国内药学教育现状。因此,经过实地调研和文献资料综合,本文重点分析了巴基斯坦药学教育的现状及其所面临的挑战。

Pharmacy is a kind of applied science, which mainly focuses on the research of the source of drugs, the preparation and production of drugs, the function and use of drugs, and the quality control of drugs. The task of Pharmacy is to provide the effective drugs, improve the drug quality and ensure the safety and effectiveness of drugs. Rational use of drugs is not only related to people health and safety, but also related to the development of a country. The training of pharmacy senior talents is greatly important for all countries in the world. Pakistan is a friendly neighbor of China in a long his- tory, and its population is also the sixth largest in the world. The pharmaceutical development of Pa- kistan is not only related to the development of its own country, but also related to the development of medical and health of the world population. Along with the ＂The Belt and Road＂ initiative of our country, more and more Pakistan students study in China, and more than half of them are students majoring in medicine or Pharmacy. In recent years, the requirements of pharmaceutical education and pharmaceutical professionals in Pakistan have changed rapidly. Many pharmaceutical colleges changed the undergraduate degree of pharmacy to Pharm. D degree. However, it is still a question whether these changes showed the practical significance for improving the use of drugs and enhancing the serv- ice ability of medical students. Xi＇an Jiaotong University uses the slogan of ＂taking root in the west- ern of China, servicing for our country, the world first class service＂ as the orientation, and we take the education tasks for training Pakistan pharmacy students from undergraduate to doctoral students. To achieve the goals of cultivating pharmaceutical talents and ensuring the safety and effectiveness of drugs for Pakistan, we need to deeply understand the domestic situation of pharmaceutical education in Pakistan. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on the review of current situation and challenges of pharmacy education in Pakistan.