互联网平台使灵活就业者产生了分化吗?——传统与新兴灵活就业者的异质性

Does the Internet Platform Differentiate the Flexible Workers?——the Heterogeneity Between the Traditional and Online Flexible Workers

本研究利用中国劳动保障科学研究院课题组的调研数据,实证考察了互联网平台对灵活就业人员从业现状和就业决策的影响。研究结果显示,通过传统方式获得灵活就业机会的劳动者与通过互联网平台工作的灵活就业人员存在人口特征、职业特征上的明显分化;互联网平台通过扩大信息传播半径提高了求职者的就业选择效率,同时对劳动者未来的就业决策产生显著影响;通过互联网平台方式获得工作的灵活就业者未来更倾向于放弃灵活就业的形式,转而寻找正规职业,甚至直接退出劳动力市场。劳动者原有的职业经历、参保状况、灵活就业时间安排对灵活就业劳动者的职业选择产生了影响,且互联网平台对这些因素的影响具有调节作用:平台弱化了就业时间安排对就业选择的影响;强化了参保情况对劳动者就业选择的影响;弱化了就业经历对稳定就业选择的影响,强化了对劳动者退出劳动力市场选择的影响。

This paper investigates the influence of the Internet on the career decision of the laborers on the help of the data of Chinese Research Institute of Labor and Social Security. The results show that there exists significant differentiation in the demographic and occupational characteristics among online and traditional flexible workers; The Internet platform has increased the efficiency of job selection by expanding the radius of information dissemination, affecting workers＇ future career decision-making. Employees who get informal jobs online are more likely to turn to formal occupation or even withdraw from the labor market rather than the flexible employment. In addition, the original career experience, insurance participation rate and time arrangement will also influence the workers＇ career choice. What＇s more, the intemet has a function among these factors on the job choice, it weakens the influence of time arrangement on job choice while strengthens the influence of insurance participation rate. When tells of job experience, intemet weaken its influence on formal occupation while strengthen its influence on withdrawing from the labor market.