生活污水混合量对油茶生长及栽培基质的影响

Affect of Domestic Sewage Amount on Growth of Camellia oleifera and Cultivation Matrix

随着我国经济发展和城市化进程加快,生活污水排放比例逐年增加。如何持续有效利用这一资源,缓解农林业用水紧缺和解决水体污染问题是实现社会可持续发展的重要环节。本试验以盆栽油茶实生苗为材料,在遮雨棚中研究了生活污水与清水不同比例的混合灌溉对油茶实生苗的生长、基质的性质和主要重金属含量的影响,以探究污水灌溉育苗的可行性。结果表明,生活污水与清水混合比例为1∶1时,油茶的总生物量达到最大,为清水处理的164.3%,地径生长不会被抑制。经过稀释的污水灌溉能改善土壤p H值、孔隙度等性质,对土壤容重无影响,但EC值会随着污水浓度的增大而升高,重金属Gu、Zn、Mn、Pb含量也出现增加的趋势,但均低于《土壤环境质量标准》GB 15618—1995中二级限值,同时油茶各器官中重金属含量也升高。不同重金属在油茶不同器官中的富集程度不同,Gu、Zn、Mn、Pb在叶中富集较明显,其中Mn在根、茎、叶中都有较大程度的富集。因此,在只考虑重金属影响的情况下,经过稀释的生活污水可应用于油茶苗的培育,且清水与生活污水比例在1∶1的情况下能取得较好的效果。

Along with our country economy development and city urbanization, the proportion of sewage emissions increased year by year.How to effectively use the resources ,alleviate the water shortage in agroforestry and water pollution problem were important in realizing social sustainable development.This experiment taking potted Camellia oleifera seedlings as materials,effect of different proportons of sewage and water on growth of Camellia oleifera,matrix properties ,heavy metal content were studied.The results showed that when the mixing ratio was 1 ：1 ,the total biomass of Camellia oleifera reaches maximum, 164.3% of the water treatment,diameter growth was not inhibited. After dilution,the sewage irrigation could improve soll pH value and porosity properties, no effect on soil bulk density, but the EC value would increase with the increase of sewage concentration, and Gu, Zn, Mn, Pb content were also increased, but lower than the two level limit of GB 15618-1995. Meanwhile, heavy metal content in each organ was higher. The enrichment degree of different heavy metals in different organs of Camellia oleifera was different ,Gu,Zn,Mn,Pb enrichment in the leaves was obvious,the Mn was enriched greatly in the root, stem and leaf. Therefore, only considering the effect of heavy metals, diluted sewage can be used in Camellia oleifera cultivation ,and 1：1 water ,sewage ratio can achieve good effect.