光相干断层扫描及其血管成像在非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变中的应用研究现状及进展

The status and advances in the application of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography in non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy

非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变（NAION）是源于视盘灌注不良的视神经疾病，以视力损伤伴视野缺损为主要特征。光相干断层扫描（OCT）能观察发现不同病程NAION患眼筛板前厚度、视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度、黄斑区神经节细胞复合体厚度、视盘周围脉络膜厚度等视盘、黄斑及脉络膜的细微形态变化。并且，这些变化与视功能损伤具有一定的相关性。OCT血管成像（OCTA）可获取较清晰的视盘及黄斑区分层视网膜、脉络膜血流图像。对于视觉敏感度和视觉诱发电位没有明显改变的NAION患眼，OCTA可以观察到血流灌注的下降。深入分析NAION的OCT及OCTA检查结果，对寻找NAION发病机制以及总结其疾病转归具有重要的临床意义。

Non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy （NAION） is a neurological disease due to poor perfusion in optic disk. It causes severe visual function impairment, characterized by loss of vision and visual field defect. Optical coherence tomography （OCT） is vital for detecting anterior laminar depth, peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness, ganglion cell complex thickness and peripapillary choroid thickness change in eyes with NAION at different course of the disease. In addition, OCT features are in accordance with visual function impairment. OCT angiography （OCTA） reveals retinal and choroidal vasculature networks in optic and macular area. OCTA revealed vasculature perfusion decline in eyes with NAION, even if their visual sensitivity and visual evoked potential were normal. Studying OCT and OCTA features is vital for exploring the pathogenesis and prognosis of NAION.