光相干断层扫描血管成像在糖尿病视网膜病变诊断中的应用研究进展

The value of optical coherence tomography angiography in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy

光相干断层扫描（OCT）血管成像是在OCT基础上优化并结合血管成像方法，将视网膜血管组织和神经组织进行对比显像而获取的高分辨率视网膜循环图像，可实现视网膜脉络膜血管分层成像。对于早期糖尿病视网膜病变（DR），通过观察黄斑中心凹无血管区形态、视网膜血管密度变化以及视网膜微动脉瘤数量可对非增生型DR进行量化评估。对于晚期DR，通过视网膜新生血管形态变化和累及部位可对疾病进展和预后进行客观评价。了解不同病程DR特征性病变的OCT血管成像图像特征，可为DR的诊断和治疗效果评估提供参考价值。

Optical coherence tomography angiography （OCTA） base on OCT with an algorithm that can image a high-resolution picture of retinal circulation. OCTA has allowed quantifying the characteristic lesions of diabetic retinopathy （DR） in early stage, such as fovea avascular zone, retinal vascular density and the counts of retinal microaneurysm. In addition, OCTA can objectively evaluate the progression and prognosis of DR in late stage through imaging involved retinal neovascularization. Understanding OCT angiography features of DR lesions with different course of the disease may provide reference value for the diagnosis and treatment of DR.