胡塞尔区分“先验”与“超越”概念的知识论意涵

On the Connotation of Husserl's Concepts of Priori and Transcendence Based on the Theory of Knowledge

胡塞尔在先验现象学预备阶段的主要构划是尝试通过"现象学悬置"确立绝对可靠的思维主体,并在"内在"与"超越"的概念分殊中消弭传统哲学的主客对立二分。这一系列举措,一方面规避了笛卡尔的普遍怀疑方法在寻求知识确定性中易陷入"唯我论"的风险;另一方面,路线所要求的"自然态度"向"先验态度"的转换,拓展了现象学主体构造过程中所携带的认识论内涵,为其先验现象学体系建构提供了方法论和先决条件。

In the preliminary phase of transcendental phenomenology, ttussert mea to establish and reliable thinking subjects by means of phenomenological epochs, and eliminate the conflicts between subjects and objects through distinguishing inherence and transcendence. These sets of strategies, on the one hand, escape from the risk of Solipsism of Descartes＇ methodology of skepticism ; on the other hand, the transition from the natural attitude to the transcendental attitude expands the epistemological meanings in the process of subject constructing. All of these provide an essential method and precondition for his phenomenological system.