随迁子女体育涉入、运动心理资本与城市适应的关系

The Relationship between Sports Involvement,Sports Psychological Capital and Urban Adaptation

为探索随迁子女的体育运动与城市适应相互关系和作用机制,围绕"体育涉入""运动心理资本"和"城市适应"3组核心概念对356名随迁子女进行了社会调查,建构了变量关系的结构方程模型,进行了共变关系和中介效应的分析与讨论。研究结果表明:"体育涉入""运动心理资本"和"城市适应"3组概念关系的结构方程模型拟合良好,其中,"体育涉入"对"运动心理资本"的显著性路径系数是0.58,"运动心理资本"对"城市适应"的显著性路径系数是0.57,"体育涉入"对"城市适应"的显著性路径系数是0.30,"运动心理资本"对"体育涉入"和"城市适应"的中介率是0.52。研究结论:(1)随迁子女的"体育涉入"正向影响"运动心理资本","体育涉入"的自我表现、生活中心性和吸引力的3维度结构,以及"运动心理资本"的乐观、希望感、自我效能和韧性4维度结构得以验证;(2)随迁子女的"运动心理资本"正向影响"城市适应","城市适应"的行为适应和城市认同2维度结构得以验证;(3)"体育涉入"正向影响"城市适应";(4)结构模型的共变关系中,"运动心理资本"在"体育涉入"和"城市适应"的关系中起到了中介作用。随迁子女的"运动心理资本"解释了"体育涉入"可以促进"城市适应"的心理机制,为体育运动促进随迁子女的城市适应提供了一种理论与实践依据。

In order to explore the relationship between sports and urban adaptation and the mechanism of interaction, this pa- per uses structural equation model to analyze 356 immigrant children＇s sports involvement, sports capital and urban adapta- tion. The results showed： ＂sports involvement＂ on the ＂sports psychological capital＂ significant path coefficient is 0. 58, ＂sports psychological capital＂ on the ＂urban adaptation＂ of the significant path coefficient is 0. 57, ＂sports involvement＂ on the ＂urban adaptation＂ of the significant path coefficient is O. 30, ＂sports psychological capital＂ on the ＂sports involved＂ and ＂urban adaptation＂ of the intermediary rate is 0. 52. Research conclusions are： （ 1 ） Immigrant children＇s ＂sports involved＂ positive impact ＂sports mental capital＂. ＂Sports involvement＂ include self-expression, life center and attraction, and ＂Sports psychological capital＂ include efficacy, hope, optimism, and resiliency. （2） Immigrant children＇s ＂Sports psychological cap- ital＂ positive impact ＂urban adaptation＂. ＂Urban adaptation＂ include behavior adaptation and urban identity. （3） ＂Sports involvement＂ positive impact ＂urban adaptation＂. （4） ＂Sports psychological capital＂ played an intermediary role in the re- lationship between ＂Sports involvement＂ and ＂urban adaptation＂. The ＂sports psychological capital＂ of the migrant children explains the psychological mechanism that the ＂sports involvement＂ can promote ＂urban adaptation＂. This research provide a theoretical and practical basis for the children＇s urban adaptation.