突发火灾环境的群体疏散问题研究综述

REVIEW ON THE GROUP EVACUATION RESEARCH IN SUDDEN FIRE

为了解突发火灾环境的群体疏散问题研究进展,从群体疏散的模型、路径规划问题优化算法、仿真软件研究进行综述,结合火灾环境下群体疏散的特点,总结现有疏散问题的研究方法和成果,展望该领域的研究趋势。研究表明:现有疏散模型主要集中在多种模型和思想融合的研究,对火灾蔓延过程和疏散过程相结合较少;疏散路径问题的求解方面,考虑动态火灾环境下路径规划研究不足;疏散软件方面的研究主要通过国外仿真软件模拟火灾环境下的疏散,缺乏开发适合我国的疏散软件。研究趋势是构建充分考虑疏散者行为和心理、建筑物结构、火灾环境的疏散模型,路径规划算法改进与创新、疏散路径的动态优化。

In order to understand the research progress of group evacuation problem in sudden fire, thgroup evacuation, the optimization algorithm of path planning problem and simulation software research,summarizes the research metli-ods and achievements of the existing evacuation problems, which is combined wit!i the chment ,and prospects the research trends in this field. Research shows that ： the existing evacuation models mainly focus on the integra-tion of multip）le models and ideas, and it is less to combine the fire spread process and the evacuation process. Some evacuation soft-ware researches mainly involve the evacuation simulation based on foreign simulation software, while Chinas evacuation software is ex-tremely scarce. The research on pathi planning under dynamic fire environment is insufficient in the aspect of solving the evacuation pathi problem. The current research trend is to constriact an evacuation model that fully considers the behavior and psychology of the evacu-ees , the building structure and the fire environment, to improve and innovate the path planning algorithm and to optimize the evacuationpath dynamically.