陕西秦巴山区中华蜜蜂线粒体DNA的遗传多样性

The genetic diversity of Apis cerana ceranafrom Qinling-Daba Mountain areas in Shaanxi province based on mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis

为研究陕西秦巴山区中华蜜蜂遗传多样性,对陕西秦巴山区20个地理种群的200群中华蜜蜂线粒体DNA tRNAleu^COⅡ基因片段进行测序分析。结果显示:线粒体DNA基因片段长度为349bp,其中包括90bp非编码区和259bp的COⅡ部分序列,A+T含量大于85%,表现出A+T偏倚性;共检测到25个变异位点和29种单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.680±0.037,核苷酸多样度为0.002 94±0.000 25;聚类分析发现陕西秦巴山区中华蜜蜂各地理种群间未发生明显遗传分化,与北京、吉林、甘肃等地及日本东方蜜蜂亲缘关系也较近,而与印度东方蜜蜂亲缘关系较远。

To analyze the genetic diversity of Apis cerana cerana from Qinling-Daba Mountain areas in Shaanxi province, 200 populations in 20sampling sites were sampled from Qinling-Daba Mountain areas in Shaanxi province and analyzed using the gene region between tRNAleu-CO Ⅱ of the mitochondrial DNA（mtDNA） by sequenced. The results revealed that： the total length of these mtDNA fragments were 349 bp, consisting of a 90 bp non-coding region and a 259 bp partial COⅡ coding region. The base composition of A＋T was over 85%, which suggested a strong A＋T bias. There were 25 variable sites and 29 haplotypes. The haplotype diversity was 0. 680±0. 037, and the nucleotide diversity was 0. 002 94±0. 000 25. The results of cluster analysis showed that the Apis cerana cerana from Qinling-Daba Mountain areas in Shaanxi province had no significant difference and the genetic relationship of Apis cerana cerana was closer to those Apiscerana samples from Beijing, Jilin and Gansu, while the genetic relationship was closer to those Apis cerana samples from Japan than those from India.