认知规范、个体心灵与社会知识论

Epistemic Normativity,Individual Mind and Social Epistemology

金在权(Jaegwon Kim)在其1988年的论文《自然主义认识论是什么?》中针对蒯因(W.V.O Quine)的批评使得"规范性问题"成为当代知识论中的热点,并延续至今。他认为自然主义者无法用描述性方法刻画作为传统知识论之核心的"规范性"概念,因此背离了知识论研究的宗旨。"规范性问题"成为自然主义者需要处理的难题,并扩展到当代知识论的一般性讨论之中。认知规范确定了人们的认知责任和进行知识断言的标准,而从个体心灵的认知辩护以及社会知识论出发,能够更加全面地刻画和理解认知规范的本性。

In ＂What is ＇ Naturalized Epistemology＇ ？＂ （ 1988 ）, Jaegwon Kim had criticized W. V. O Quine＇ s project of naturalizing epistemology which is deemed to go astray, in so far as the descriptive methodology adopted by naturalists can not characterize the normative dimension of epistemology, an es- sential part cherished＇ by the traditionalists. As a result, Normativity Problem comes to be an issue both for the naturalists and epistemologists in general. Epistemic norms have specified the obligations in people＇ s epistemological inquiry and knowledge assertion. By highlighting the complementarity between individualistic justification and social epistemology, we will have a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of epistemic normativity.