钒铁冶炼渣量控制及其对钒损的影响

Effect of Slag Content Control on Vanadium Loss in Ferrovanadium Smelting Process

针对目前钒铁合金产业化制备过程的冶炼实绩和出渣控制现状,分析了电铝热钒铁制备过程钒氧化物理论产渣量及总产渣量,提出了多期法钒铁冶炼渣量及精确出渣控制技术。考察了打结工艺、出渣分配和冶炼炉次对熔渣成分、产渣量及渣中钒损的影响。结果表明:当V_2O_3和V_2O_5的钒含量分别为63.5%和55.2%时,单位铝热反应产生的Al_2O_3分别为0.78 kg和0.91 kg。提高打结强度和致密度,降低浇铸渣比例,延长冶炼炉次有利于降低实际渣量及渣中钒损。通过打结、出渣和冶炼制度的优化,钒铁冶炼渣中平均Mg O含量从16.4%降低到8.0%,Al_2O_3含量从61.1%提高到69.3%。在总渣量降低11.8%的基础上,浇铸渣比例和渣中钒含量分别降低20.2%和38.4%。对应单炉渣中钒损从79.0 kg降低到61.1 kg,折合Fe V50合金冶炼收率提高0.39%。

Based on the smelting performance and slag control situation during the ferrovanadium industrial preparation process, the theoretical amount of slag produced by different vanadium oxides and different smelting stages was analyzed, and the slag amount and precise slag control technology of multi-stage electro- aluminothermic ferrovanadium smelting process were proposed. The effects of knotting process, slag distribu- tion and smelting period on slag compositions, slag weight and vanadium loss in slag were investigated. Ex- perimental results indicated that the weight of A1203 by thermite reaction was calculated to be 0.78 kg and 0.91 kg when the purity （TV,total vanadium） of V203 and V205 was 63.5% and 55.2% ,respectively. In- creasing the knotting strength and density, reducing the proportion of casting slag and prolonging the smel- ting period were beneficial to reduce the actual slag weight and the vanadium loss in the slag. The average MgO content in ferrovanadium slag reduced from 16.4% to 8.0% and the content of A1203 increased from 61.1% to 69.3% through the optimization of smelting and ramming process. The ratio and the vanadium content of casting slag respectively decreased by 20.2% and 38.4% on the basis of the total slag amount reduced by 11.8% ,and the corresponding vanadium loss was reduced from 79.0 to 61.1 kg per furnace, which means that the recovery rate of FeVS0 alloy increased by 0.39% under the optimal conditions.