琼海市居民主要慢性病及代谢综合征调查

Investigation on major chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome in Qionghai

目的了解琼海市居民主要慢性病和代谢综合征患病率及其相关危险因素,为全市卫生政策制定提供科学依据。方法多阶段抽取本市18岁以上常住居民899人进行问卷调查,测量身高、体重、血压,血脂、空腹血糖等生化指标。分析主要慢性病和代谢综合征及其危险因素的流行病学分布特点及其相关性。结果琼海市居民高血压、糖尿病、肥胖和中心性肥胖患病率和加权率分别是26.4%(26.6%)、10.3%(10.6%)、8.7%(9.1%)和51.8%(53.0%),高TC血症、高TG血症、高LDL-C血症和低HDL-C血症的比率和加权率分别是25.8%(25.3%)、7.1%(7.2%)、25.3%(24.7%)和12.3%(12.7%),代谢综合征患病率为10.6%(10.3%)。高血压和糖尿病患病率随着年龄增加(P<0.01),肥胖、中心型肥胖、低HDL-C血症的患病率男女间存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄、糖尿病、高血压、肥胖、中心型肥胖、体质指数BMI、低HDL-C血症、高TG血症、果蔬不足、红肉过量及身体活动不足等是MS的危险因素。结论琼海市居民高血压和中心性肥胖处于高发期,应早筛查、早发现、早控制和治疗,以降低代谢综合征的患病率。

Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of major chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome（MS） in residents of Qionghai City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the health policy. Methods A total of 899 residents aged over 18 years were selected by stratified multi-stage sampling methods and investigated with the questionnaires,physical examinations（height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure）, and laboratory tests of venous blood. The results were analyzed for the prevalence of major chronic diseases, MS and the risk factors by SPSS13.0. Results The crude and weighted prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and central obesity were 26.4%（26.6%）, 10.3%（10.6%）,8.7%（9.1%） and 51.8%（53.0%） respectively. The crude and weighted prevalence rates of dyslipidemia（TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C） were 25.8%（25.3%）, 7.1%（7.2%）, 25.3%（24.7%） and 12.3%（12.7%） respectively. The crude and weighted prevalence of MS was 10.6%（10.3%）. The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes increased with the age（P〈0.01）. The prevalence rates of obesity and central obesity in the females were higher than those in the males. The prevalence of dyslipidemia of HDL-C in the males was higher than that in the females（P〈0.05）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia of TG and HDL-C, central obesity, lack of fruit and vegetables, excessive red meat, and physical inactivity were the risk factors of MS. Conclusion Hypertension and central obesity are high in the residents of Qionghai City. Therefore, early screening, early detection, early control and treatment should be taken to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.