云南省保山市首起埃可9型肠道病毒脑炎暴发调查

Investigation of first echo 9 enterovirus encephalitis outbreak in Baoshan,Yunnan

目的通过一起肠道病毒型脑炎暴发疫情的调查处理,为及时、有效防控肠道病毒脑炎疫情提供参考。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对发病基本情况进行调查、对暴发原因采用病例对照研究。结果 2014年4月14日—6月23日保山市施甸县酒房乡发生肠道病毒脑炎病例89例,病例主要分布在酒房乡8个行政村,男女比例为1.02∶1(45/44),最小发病年龄为8个月,最大年龄35岁,以4~15岁年龄组发病最多,占62.92%。病例以学生为主,共45例,占总发病数的50.56%;"与患者密切接触"、"与患者共同就餐"、"经常食用未经加热的食物"、"经常饮用生水"、"和别人共用杯、瓢"等是暴发危险因素。20份粪便标本12株埃可9型肠道病毒分离阳性。结论本次为保山市首起埃可9型肠道病毒脑炎掺杂少量乙脑患者的暴发疫情。村民主要饮用水源为未消毒的山箐水,而村民和学生不良饮水卫生(饮用水未经消毒、经常饮用生水、共用杯瓢饮水)和食品卫生习惯(经常食用未经加热的食物、与患者共同就餐)导致疫情的发生。今后应加强乡镇以及学校的三管一灭工作,指导相应部门做好饮用水、粪便、餐具消毒以及加强健康教育使村民和学生养成良好的卫生习惯,防止类似事件的再次发生。

Objective To provide a reference for the timely and effective prevention and control of enterovirus encephalitis by investigating the outbreak of enterovirus encephalitis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to investigate the basic situation of the disease and the case control study was conducted to investigate the outbreak.Results There were 89 cases of enterovirus encephalitis, mainly distributed in eight administrative villages of Jiufang Township Shidian County from 14 th April to 23 th June 2014. The sex ratio was 1.02：1（45/44）.the minimum age was 8 months,the maximum age is 35 years old. The highest incidence was between 4 and 15 years old,accounting for 62.92%. 45 cases of students accounted for the total number of 50.56%.＂Close contact with patients, patients with eating together, often eat without heating food, often drinking unboiled water, sharing a cup, scoop＂ were the risk factors of outbreak. Twelve echo 9 enterovirus was isolated in 20 stool Conclusion Echo 9 enterovirus encephalitis was first outbreak in Baoshan. Drinking water was nondisinfected. the villagers and students＇ bad hygiene of drinking water（undisinfected drinking water, often drinking unboiled water, drinking water and food sharing cup scoop） unhealthy habits（eating unheating food, and dining together） lead to the occurrence of outbreak. In future, we should guide the corresponding departments to do well in disinfection of drinking water,feces, tableware in towns and schools.we also should strengthen healthy education so that villagers and students can develop good hygiene habits and prevent similar incidents from happening again.