产业转型中和谐劳动关系构建:挑战与应对——以上海市为例

The Construction Harmonious Labor Relations in Industrial transformation: Challenges and Countermeasures——Study on the Case of Shanghai

和谐劳动关系是经济社会全面发展的基础。产业转型升级是经济创新发展的必由之路,在此过程中劳动关系状况不断发生新的变化。其中,劳资关系在加工型劳动密集型产业冲突加剧,在服务业中两极分化,在战略新兴产业中新型模式不断涌现,劳资双方利益诉求调和难度加大。与此同时,产业转型中劳动关系治理面临劳资冲突加剧的态势短期难以逆转、三方协商机制的效力不足、集体协商的有效性长期低下以及企业工会的代表性不强等问题,对和谐稳定的劳动关系构建造成重重挑战。在产业转型过程中,构建和谐劳动关系应侧重于加强对劳动关系的宏观调控,增强政府在三方协商机制中的主导作用,提升企业自我管理的能力与突破企业工会的职能瓶颈。

Harmonious labor relations are the foundation of comprehensive economic and social development. Industrial transforma- tion and upgrading is the only way for economic innovation and development, and in this process the situation of labor relations is con- stantly changing. Among them, the labor relations in processing labor-intensive industries conflict intensifies, polarization in the service industry, new emerging patterns in strategic emerging industries, both sides of labor and capital interest appeals to reconcile. At the same time, the trend of rising Laboy conflicts is hard to reverse in the short term, the effectiveness of the tripartite consultation mechanism is insufficient, the effectiveness of collective bargaining is chronically low, and the union of enterprises is not representative. These prob- lems make the construction of harmonious labor relations face many challenges. In the process of industry transformation, the construction of harmonious labor relations should focus on strengthening macro regulation and control of labor relations, strengthen the leading role of government in the tripartite consultation mechanism, improve enterprise self-management ability and break through the enterprise trade union function bottleneck.