乌头属六种有毒中药的本草考证

Herbal Authentication of Six Kinds of Poisonous Aconitum L.Plants

目的：毛茛科乌头属AconitumL.植物药材川乌、草乌、附子、关白附、天雄和侧子在本草中记载混淆,市场流通混乱,通过对古代本草考证,探究古代本草中的乌头属六种有毒中药的基原、产地和质量,为研究应用提供指导。方法：查阅古代本草专著,考证乌头属六种有毒中药,进行比较,并结合现代文献研究进行深入探索。结果：川乌和草乌在古代本草中并称为乌头,附子、天雄和侧子沿用至今,天雄和侧子目前市场流通极少,一般做地方习用药;古代本草中的白附子部分为关白附,部分为天南星科植物独角莲,故无法做判定,应具体情况具体分析。结论：通过对乌头属六种中药进行考证,认清用药历史,避免临床使用出现中毒情况,并且对规范市场流通和统一使用方法奠定基础。

Objective： The six kinds of plants of Ranunculaceac,AconitumL.,called Radix Aconiti,Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii,Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata,Radix Aconiti Coreani. and Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx.,are recorded confusingly in many Chinese materia medica. This paper aims at verifying the traditional materia medica along with the modern monographs to explore the origin,producting area and quality evaluation of the six kinds of AconitumL. plants and provide the guidance for the modern research application. Methods：Through the Chinese materia madica and modern monographs,we found out the origin,producting area and quality evaluation and then listed,compared and verificated to identify and combined with the modern researches to study more deeply. Results：The Radix Aconiti and Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii were called Wutou. Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata,Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx anc Cezi are used till now.But the Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx and Cezi are rarely used nowadays except some specific areas. In the Chinese materia madica,some of Baifuzi are recorded as Radix Aconiti Coreani,and some are close to the Typhonium giganteum of the Araceae,so we cannot conclude the origin. We should analyze its description. Except the Radix Aconiti Coreani,the other five kinds are described almost the same in both Chinese materia madica and modern literature. Conclution： Through textual research of the six kinds of AconitumL. herbs,effectively help us to identify medication history. Because of the poisonous of the herbs,we can effectively avoid clinical poisoning and standardize the market circulation and uniform method to lay the foundation.