德国应用科学大学博士学位授予权论争的缘由与本质

The Reason and Essence of the Controversy on the FH's Right to Award Doctoral Degree

目前,德国已有3个州赋予州内部分应用科学大学相对独立的博士学位授予权,由此引发论争不断。从应用科学大学与综合性大学关系视角出发,其发展历经了三个时期:尚未成形、互不关涉时期,地位相同、类型互异时期和飞速发展、彼此趋同时期。应用科学大学争取博士学位授予权的困境主要在于学术地位不被认同、综合性大学对其限制、潜在竞争对手存在威胁。应用科学大学博士学位授予权论争的本质涉及学校定位、培养导向、学术人员与资源竞争。应用科学大学可通过改革传统合作培养模式和发展合作培养新模式来改善争取博士学位授予权的现状。

Currently, some universities of applied sciences （Fachhochschule, short for FH） have been given the right to independently award doctoral degrees in three states of Germany, this sets off a heated controversy throughout German society. From the angle of the relationship between the FH and the comprehensive universities, the development of FH had gone through three stages：the FH had not yet been formed and there was no connection belween the two types of colleges,they were in the same position but in different types,the FH developed rapidly and the two types tended to he the same.The plight of the FH that fight for the right to award doctoral degree includes its academic status being unrecognized,the comprehensive universities＇ limitation and the potential competitors＇ threat.The essence of the controversy that the FH＇ s right to award doctoral degree contains school positioning,training orientation,academic staff and resource competition.In order to improve the situation,FH can reform the traditional cooperation training mode and develop the new cooperation training pattern.