论著名商标制度的合法性——以权力边界意识为逻辑起点

Research on The Legality of Famous Mark——From the Logic of the Authority Boundary

著名商标与驰名商标权力来源的异质性使得著名商标制度的规范方式不可类比驰名商标制度进行构建。著名商标是地方行政权体制下推进商标战略的非强制性行政手段,体现了地方行政机关引导企业创建优质品牌的价值判断,可以具有"选择性"和"偏好"。驰名商标主要是在商标注册、确权、使用中发生权利纠纷时,为了确定商标权利保护范围而产生的法律概念,本质上属于司法权范畴。司法权不可为任何利益主体背书,驰名商标禁止广告宣传的防止异化规定正是为了保障司法权的中立性。在权力边界意识的宪政理念指导下,著名商标与驰名商标各有其不同的权力价值,在无明确的法律文件禁止著名商标广告宣传时,司法的长臂不应干预行政权的行使,因此不可直接适用驰名商标防止异化条款。著名商标制度在行政权范畴下的存在也具有合法性。

Because of the authority boundary, famous mark and well-known mark are different systems so that they should have different rules. Famous mark is a trade mark strategy under the local government and shows the value of judgment of trade mark. Administrative power can guarantee the company＇ s reputation due to the preference. Well-known mark is created for solving the dispute when trade mark being registered and used. So well-known mark is a judicial conception and should not guarantee any company＇ s interests for the cause of justice. The rule of forbidden advertisement is not suitable for famous mark because of separation of powers. Famous mark is legal under the administrative system.