校园欺负中的积极参与角色:保护者

The positive participant role in school bullying: The defenders

保护者是校园欺负参与角色中唯一的积极角色,对制止和干预校园欺负具有非常重要的作用。然而,与保护者相关的研究及其干预应用尚未引起足够重视。保护者与其他欺负参与角色在功能上有差异,在性别、年龄、特质和应对策略方面也存在独特特征。同伴压力、个体相对的同伴地位、对欺负情境的风险评估这些情境因素也会影响保护者实施保护行为。以芬兰的Ki Va项目为例,我们探讨了基于保护者的角度开展校园欺负干预的价值和实效性,并从生态系统角度,结合信息技术的运用等多个方面探讨了在我国校园文化背景下应如何开展相关研究和教育干预。

Defenders are the only participants in bullying which have a positive role ana nence mey pray an important part in school bullying prevention and intervention. Despite this, theoretical researches and practical applications involving defenders are limited. Defenders are distinguished from other participant roles at function, as well as gender, age, trait and coping strategy. In addition, context factors like peer pressure, companion status and evaluation of potential danger in bullying situations will also have an impact on behavior of defenders. Taking the KiVa program as a specific example, we demonstrated the great value and effectiveness of conducting bullying prevention programs which emphasized the importance of defenders. Finally, potential future research areas and educational interventions on school bullying based on defenders were discussed.