农产品价格对不同规模农户种植面积的影响——以大田商品作物花生为例

Different Impacts of Agricultural Product Price on Different Planting Scale Farmer's Planting Acreage: Taking Field Commodity Crop Peanut as an Example

利用2011—2014年608户微观农户面板数据,分析了花生价格对不同规模农户花生种植面积的影响差异,并从商品化率和花生种植面积占比两个方面对造成这种差异的原因进行解释。研究表明:花生价格对农户花生种植面积的影响程度与农户花生经营规模有关,并且表现为倒"U"型关系,即随着经营规模的增加,花生价格对农户种植面积的影响程度先上升后下降。小规模农户花生种植面积受价格影响程度小主要由于花生商品化水平低,而大规模农户花生种植面积受价格影响程度小主要由于花生种植面积占比高导致的调整成本较大以及调整空间较小,只有中等规模农户既有足够的商品化水平又没有较大的调整限制,因此花生价格对其种植面积的影响程度最大。

By using 608 micro-families panel data from 2011 to 2014,this paper analyzes the different impacts of peanuts price on different peanuts-planting scale farmer's planting acreage,and from the two aspects of commercialization rate and peanut planting area and explains the cause for such differences.The results show:the effect of price fluctuation on the farmer's acreage is related to the scale of operation,and the relationship is"U"type,that is,with the expansion of the scale of operation,the impact of price change on peanut acreage declines.The effect of price changes on peanut acreage can be expressed by the supply elasticity of the acreage to peanut price,and the lower supply elasticity of the small-scale farmers'planting area to price is mainly due to the low level of commercialization,and for large-scale farmers,it is mainly due to the larger adjustment cost brought by the high proportion of peanut acreage and smaller adjustment space.For only medium-sized farmers,there is enough commercialization level and no adjustment restrictions due to a large proportion of peanut planting area.Therefore,medium-sized farmers'adjustment of planting area is greater when the price changes.