三～五年级学习困难儿童阅读理解能力的特征研究

Characteristics of the reading comprehension ability in children with learning difficulties in grade 3～5

目的了解三~五年级学习困难儿童阅读理解能力的发展情况、特征及规律,为学习困难儿童的阅读理解能力康复训练提供实证依据。方法选取63名学习困难儿童和76名正常儿童,采用林宝贵等编制的"中文阅读理解能力测验"量表进行测试,采用多因素多元方差分析方法对测试结果进行分析。结果学习困难儿童阅读理解能力发展大约比正常儿童滞后1年左右,其中音韵处理和语法两项子能力滞后2年左右。在学习困难儿童中,阅读理解7项子能力落后的比例大致在50%左右,其中音韵处理能力及语法能力是发展落后人数最多的子能力。结论学习困难儿童阅读的基本能力存在困难,需探索相关的训练对策。

Objective To probe into the reading comprehension ability of children with learning difficulties （LD） students in grade 3～5,and to provide some reasonable suggestions of rehabilitation training on LD students reading comprehension. Method Totally 63 LD students and 76 normal students were tested with the Test of Reading Comprehension developed by Lin Bao-gui etc.Multi-factor analysis of variance was used to analyze data. Results In the reading comprehension,LD students lagged about 1 year behind the normal students,yet LD were late by about 2 years in phonological recoding and syntactic parsing.About 50% LD students had difficulty in reading comprehension,and the deficits number in phonological recoding and syntactic parsing was largest. Conclusion Children with LD had difficulties in the basic reading comprehension ability,and the effective intervention needed to be explored.