中国居民2015年恶性肿瘤死亡率流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological analysis on mortality of cancer in China, 2015

目的 了解2015年中国居民恶性肿瘤死亡分布特征，为肿瘤防治提供参考建议。方法 利用2015年全球疾病负担研究结果，采用死亡率指标，描述中国居民恶性肿瘤不同年龄、性别、省份、癌症死亡分布情况。结果 2015年中国恶性肿瘤标化死亡率为159.01/10万，≥70岁人群死亡率最高（1 102.73/10万），5～14岁年龄组死亡率最低（5.40/10万），男性标化死亡率是女性的2.15倍，死亡率最高的5个省份分别是安徽、青海、四川、广西和河南，以肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食道癌和结直肠癌死亡率最高。结论 中国恶性肿瘤死亡存在年龄、性别、省份和癌谱的差异，应制定针对性的防治策略。

Objective To understand the distribution of cancer deaths in China in 2015 and provide reference for the prevention and control of cancer. Methods Based on the results of Global Burden of Disease 2015, the cancer death distributions in different age groups, sex groups, provinces or by different malignant tumor in Chinese were described. Results The age-standardized mortality rate of cancer was 159.01/100 000 in China in 2015. The mortality rate was highest in age group ≥ 70 years （1 102.73/100 000）, and lowest in age group 5-14 years （5.40/100 000）. The mortality rate in males was 2.15 times higher than that in females. The first 5 provinces with high cancer mortality rate were Anhui, Qinghai, Sichuan, Guangxi and Henan. Lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer ranked 1-5 in term of mortality rate. Conclusion The cancer mortality differed with age, gender, area and different malignant tumors, suggesting the necessity to develop targeted prevention and control strategies.