癌症患者疫苗接种研究进展

Progress in research of vaccination for patients with cancer

癌症患者因恶性肿瘤本身或免疫抑制治疗而导致患疫苗可预防疾病的风险增加，其接种疫苗的种类、时机、剂量甚至免疫程序可能与正常人有所差别。目前国际上普遍推荐癌症患者接种灭活疫苗，而不提倡接种减毒活疫苗；应避免在免疫抑制治疗期间接种疫苗；推荐接种双倍剂量的乙型肝炎疫苗；推荐每年接种两针次灭活流感疫苗。本文旨在对国外癌症患者疫苗接种的临床试验进行总结，为我国制定和推行癌症患者的免疫接种提供借鉴。

Due to the tumor malignancy or immunosuppressive treatment, patients with cancer in general are more susceptible to vaccine-preventable infections. The types, timing, dose of vaccination or even the immunization program for them may differ from those for the normal persons. At present, it is recommended to use inactivated vaccines for patients with cancer rather than attenuated live vaccines, Vaccinations should be avoided during immunosuppressive therapy; patients with cancer should receive double dosage of hepatitis B vaccines and two doses of inactivated influenza vaccines yearly. This paper summarizes the progress in clinical trials of vaccination for cancer patients in foreign countries, and provide reference for the development and implementation of vaccination strategy for cancer patients in China.