海德格尔与尼采论上帝之死的契合与分殊

On “God is dead”from the perspective of Heidegger and Nietzsche

上帝之死作为一种哲学事件,并非尼采故作惊人之语,而是传统形而上学延伸的必然后果。海德格尔将尼采对该事件的描述与刻画置于价值论领域,并进一步将其延伸到存在论领域,两者的解读也有契合与分殊之处。尼采和海德格尔均以上帝意指超感性世界,并将其与形而上学缠结在一起,因而上帝之死的根源在于形而上学本身。尼采认为,上帝之死是因其面对丑恶之无能、救赎之无望而远离在场;在海德格尔看来,上帝之死是主体世俗性对上帝神圣性的僭越。

The assertion ＂God is dead＂ made by Nietzsche is not some overstatement, but an inevitable result of the extension of the metaphysics. Heidegger placed Nietzsche＇s description of this event into the field of axiology and further extended it to ontology. These two interpretations have similarities and also differences. Both Nietzsche and Heidegger regard God as the super-sensuous world and tangle him together with metaphysics. The cause of God＇s death lies in the metaphysics itself. Nietzsche argues that the death of God is due to his inability to save the hideous world, while Heidegger believes that the death of God represents the arrogation of secularity to divinity.