基于RS和GIS的武汉市热岛效应时空演变研究

Study on Space-Time Evolution of Heat Island Effect Based on RS and GIS in Wuhan City

随着我国城市化进程的持续快速推进,城市热岛效应日益凸显,成为了当前主要城市生态环境问题之一。应用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,对武汉市地表温度进行了定量反演,并分析了其时空演变规律。研究结果表明:(1)武汉市城市热岛效应十分明显,主城区形成岛屿状的高温区域并且界线清晰,与城市边缘的郊区、乡村形成鲜明对比;(2)在研究时段内,城市热岛的范围面积不断扩大,并且与武汉市的城市空间扩张方向较为一致。在城市扩张的过程中,热岛面积随之扩大,绿岛面积不断缩小;(3)城市内部的土地利用类型空间分布与热岛强度分布范围关系密切;(4)城市内的水体空间与绿色空间对于分割热岛空间,缓解热岛现象有重要的现实意义。

With the continued rapid advance of urbanization, urban heat island effect is increasingly highlighted. The problem becomes one of the current main urban ecological environment problems. It designed the quantitative inversion of surface temperature, and analyzed the space-time evolution law based on RS and GIS in Wuhan city. The results showed that： （1） The urban heat island effect was very obvious in Wuhan city. The main urban area formed the high temperature region and the boundary is clear. It constituted a sharp contrast with urban suburbs and countries.（2）The scope of the urban heat island was expanding and its direction was consistent with the space expansion direction of Wuhan city during the study period. The heat island area was expanding and green island area was shrinking in the process of urban expansion. （3）The spatial distributions of land use type and heat island intensity were closely related. （4） The urban water space and green space is important practical significance to split heat island space and relieve heat island phenomena.