试析特大城市社区冲突治理面临的困境及其成因

Studies on Governance Dilemma: the Causes of Urban Community Conf lict Governance Problems

通过对北京、上海、天津、广州和深圳五个特大城市社区的调查,系统探究社会转型期我国城市社区冲突治理存在问题之缘由。直接原因包括:社区冲突治理理念滞后,跟不上时代步伐;基层政府公信力流失严重,合法性权威受到影响;社区居民主人翁意识弱化,社区认同感持续下降;社区社会组织发育缓慢,社会力量弱小;社区冲突治理过于"碎片化",难以形成合力;相关法规政策建设滞后,冲突依法治理水平较低等。而深层原因则涉及五大困境:社区冲突主体的重叠性与冲突主客体的同一性;社区参与不足但社区冲突数量不断增加;社区冲突的频发与冲突化解制度平台的缺失;社区冲突控制成本的上升与治理成效的下降;社区冲突治理呈"有法律却秩序失范"的困境等。

Based on the questionnaire survey of communities from five megalopolis——Beijing, Shanghai,Tianjin, Guangzhou and Shen zhen, the paper systematically explores the existing causes of China＇s urban community conflict gover nance problems during the social transition period： direct causes and deep reasons. Then, the paper points out the direct causes of these problems： the backward concepts of community conflict governance, and keep out with the times; the losing grass-roots government credibility seriously and the questioned legitimate authority; the weakening awareness of community residents and the last ing-declined community identity; the slow-development community organizat ions and the weak social st rengths; the ＂fragmented＂ community conflict governance and the difficult to form the united force; the lagging relevant laws, regulations and policies and the lower level of conflict governance in accordance with the laws, etc. And the paper further reveals theirs deep reasons： the overlapped main bodies of community conflict governance and the same identity of conflict subjects and object s; the insufficient community participation but the higher number of community conflicts; the frequent community conflicts and the lacking platforms of conflict resolving; the rising controlled costs of community conflicts and the falling governance performance; the plight of ＂anomie law and disorder＂ of community conflict governance,and so on.