英国后骑士时代的娱乐焦虑:《亨利五世》的体育政治

英国后骑士时代的体育一词更少意指中世纪以来培养作战技能的运动项目,其服务人体与政体健康的功能性内涵逐渐被消耗身体与威胁王权的毁灭性意义所取代,更多被神学家和精英人士指称为非道德的淫乱享乐、狂欢与非法的扰乱社会秩序之娱乐。《亨利五世》中的国王亨利使军事战争、王国治理和王室婚姻等一切政治事件娱乐化,把体育变为国王维护个人英雄主义的政治工具与意识形态,与军事训练和骑士荣誉无关。斯图亚特早期国王的娱乐生活印证了莎士比亚对剧中亨利的体育书写,强化了莎士比亚表达的早期现代英国对国王与贵族阶层无节制的娱乐给王权带来政治危机的焦虑。

The word ＂sports＂ in the post-chivalry- age meant less the sports for cultivating martial arts of war from the medieval age, whose meaning as functions of serving human body and body politics were replaced gradually by destructive meaning as exhausting human body and threatening royal power, and was more used by theologians and elite class to refer to immoral licentious revelry and illegal disorderly games. King Henry- in The Life of Henry＂ the Fifth makes all the political events like military wars, kingdom management and royal marriage game-like, transforming the sports into a political instrument of maintaining personal heroism and into an official ideology, having nothing to do with military practice and knight＇s honor. The sports＇ life of early Stuart kings testifies the sports writing of Shakespeare, and stren^hens Shakespeare＇s anxiety on political crisis caused by early modern English kings and noblemen＇s immoderate sports entertainments to the royal sovereign.