特高压换流站内可听噪声特征及分布规律研究

Acoustic Characteristics and Distribution Law of Audible Noise in HVDC Converter Stations

为研究特高压换流站运行中站内可听噪声特征及分布规律,在4个特高压换流站内密集布点测量噪声频谱与A声级,计算各噪声谱质心并讨论噪声频率重心。可知换流阀厅内、换流变和电抗器处噪声可达90 d B(A)以上。各换流站主要室外声源处噪声的谱质心在150~700 Hz之间,呈低频特性,阀厅内噪声谱质心在1 100~1 800 Hz之间,呈中频特性。另外根据实测结果绘制站内噪声分布图,可发现换流变区是站内噪声最高的区域。除了选择低噪声设备,设隔声罩、声屏障等降噪措施外,在建筑设计时将噪声源设备集中布置并远离换流站边界,利用阀厅等建筑作为声屏障能有效降低换流站噪声影响。

In order to study the acoustic characteristics and distribution law of HVDC converter station audible noise,a large number of measurement points were arranged in four HVDC converter stations to measure the noise spectrums,A-weighted sound levels,and the spectral centroids of the noises were calculated to evaluate their spectral characters. The A-weighted sound levels of converter valves,converter transformers,and electric reactors could be higher than 90 d B（A）. The noise spectral centroids of outdoor sources were between 150-700 Hz,revealing low frequency characteristics. The noise spectral centroids of converter valve were between 1 100-1 800 Hz,revealing intermediate frequency characteristics. The noise distribution diagrams of the stations were drawn,and the converter transformer area was the area with the highest noise in the station. Except choosing low noise equipment and setting noise attenuating measures such as noise enclosures and barriers, during the architectural design period,arranging the sources together away from the border of station and using the buildings of converter valve as noise barriers were the valid methods to reduce the influence of noise.