基于儿童特性和动机的亲子假日出行机理研究

Study on the Mechanism of Parent-child Holiday Travel Based on Children's Characteristic and Motivation

为考虑儿童特征和动机需求对家庭假日活动出行行为的影响,对亲子交通出行特性进行汇总分析,采用因子分析法对其出行动机进行分类,基于儿童特性建立了结构方程模型来分析儿童特征与出行动机、活动内容和出行行为之间的关系,并应用路径分析法分析儿童特征是如何影响假日家庭活动出行选择行为。研究结果表明:儿童年龄和数量是影响家庭活动内容和出行行为最显著的影响因素,随着儿童年龄的增长,家庭出行更加注重开阔儿童视野和提高儿童知识技能,一日活动次数相应减少,更倾向于采用公共交通出行,出行距离也更长,目的地的停留时长也会增加;儿童数量的增加将缩短家庭假日出行距离,在目的地的停留时间也会更短。研究结果揭示了假日亲子出行的交通行为特征,可为今后相关设施或综合体的交通需求管理政策制定和其发展提供参考。

Considering the influence of children’s characteristic and the motivational needs on travel behavior of family holiday activities,the patterns of parent-child travels were analyzed. The travel motivations were classified using the factor analysis method.A structural equation model was established to analyze the relations between children’s character and the motivation,content and behavior of travels.The path analysis method was applied to analyze how the children’s character influences the family’s choice for holiday activities as well.The experimental results indicate that the age and number of children are the most significant impact factors on the content and behavior of family activities.As the children grow up,family travels should pay more attention to the broadening of children’s horizons and the improvement of children’s knowledge and skills. The frequency of one-day events would be reduced gradually,while the proportion of public transit increase,as well as travel distance and the duration of stay in the destination.Meanwhile,the increase of children’s number will result in the reduction of distance and duration of stay for family holiday travels.The results reveal the traffic behavior patterns of parent-child holiday travel,which can provide references for the formulation and refinement of traffic demand management policies in the future.