文类特征与中国形象:《泰晤士报》英中贸易报道话语分析

Genre and China's Image:Analyzing the Britain-China Trade Discourse in the Times

2001年至2010年间,英国《泰晤士报》英中贸易报道话语通过补充语义关系、因果语义关系和语用比喻,并借助合理化和道德评价等合法化策略,生成同时混合着新闻文类、说明文类和推销文类的文本特征,把中国明确分类成新自由主义经济模式的东方"他者"——需要西方的帮助、改造,甚至替代。《泰晤士报》英中贸易报道话语通过补充语义关系,并借助合理化策略,用两套意义包含关系之间的相同行为意义对比性地生产中国是新自由主义经济模式异端的不同行为意义;通过因果语义关系,并借助合理化和道德评价策略,混合说明文类的文本特征,用强烈因果逻辑辩护解释英方经贸活动的正当性主要是英国企业对中国经济有贡献、英国企业从中国获得利益和中国市场存在问题;通过语用比喻,并借助道德评价策略,混合推销文类的文本特征,混淆事实陈述、预言和评价陈述之间的界限,同时实践表述、鼓吹和期待等多重言语功能,沦为促销英国商品、服务和观念的工具,把中国表述成需要国际垄断资本主义帮助、改造和占领的一处市场。

From 2001 to 2010,the Britain-China Trade Discourse in the British newspaper The Times created the textual mixture of news genre,expository genre and promotional genre by using additive relations,causal relations and pragmatic metaphors,and legitimation strategies of rationalization and moral evaluation as well,and classified China into the oriental Other of the Western neo-liberal economic model,who was in need of assistance,transform and even replacement from the West. By using additive relations and rationalization strategy,the Britain-China Trade Discourse in The Times produced two sets of hyponyms which had the same action meanings and the different action ones,and utilized the same action meanings to construct in contrast the different action meaning,i. e.China is a heterodoxy of neo-liberal economic model. By using causal relations and the strategies of rationalization and moral evaluation,the Britain-China Trade Discourse in The Times produced the textual features of expository genre,and argued in explanatory logic that the legitimation of British international trade mainly lied in British enterprises＇ contributions to China,British enterprises＇ benefit from China and problems in China market. By using pragmatic metaphors and the strategy of moral evaluation,the Britain-China Trade Discourse in The Times produced the textual features of promotional genre,confused realis statements,predictions and evaluative statements,did simultaneously speech acts of representing,advocating and expecting,became the tool of promoting British commodities,services and values,and represented China as an oversea market needing assistance,transform and occupation of international monopoly capitalism.