固体热-化-力耦合连续介质理论的研究现状与展望

Research Advances and Perspectives of Thermo-Chemo-Mechanically Coupling Continuum Theories for Solids

考虑化学作用的固体多场耦合问题涉及开放系统中多组分物质的复杂动力学过程.这些过程不仅具有不同时空尺度下的多重热力学作用机制,还会引起材料性质的不断变化.深入认识热、化学、力学相互作用下物质与能量的传递和转化方式,合理描述化学反应与固体力学行为的相互影响并建立严密的耦合理论体系,不论是对新型智能材料的功能优化设计,还是对传统材料和结构在耦合场中的性能评估与预测都至关重要,也是当代固体力学发展的一个重要方向.本文针对各领域中广泛存在的固体传热、传质、化学反应和力学行为相互耦合的问题,按照传质-变形耦合问题、反应-变形耦合问题及热-化-力完全耦合问题几种主要类型,介绍了相关连续介质理论建模和求解等方面的研究进展,重点对耦合理论建模中常涉及的几类关键问题进行了深入分析和讨论,并对今后固体热-化-力耦合问题的研究进行了展望.

The multi-field coupling problems concerning chemical processes of solids involve complex kinetics of interactive material constituents driven by multiple thermodynamic forces in an open system. These processes may behave on different space-time scales and induce the evolution of material properties. The attempts to understand their thermodynamic mechanisms, to elucidate how chemical reactions and mechanical behaviors interact, and to develop theoretical models are vital important, not only for optimization design of material functionalities or prediction of structural performances, but also for development of modern solid mechanics. Within the context of these ubiquitous multi-field problems in diverse applications, this review summarizes the recent advance in theoretical modeling and applications of thermo-chemo-mechanically coupling problems of solids. Published works are reviewed regarding three categories including transport-deformation problems, chemical reaction-deformation problems and fully coupled thermo-chemo-mechanical problems. The critical issues in theoretical modeling are discussed, and some development trends in this area are briefly summarized to provide a theoretical guidance for the related research in the future.