清代宋诗选本的四种类型

Four Types of Song Poem Anthology in Qing Dynasty

清人对宋诗有种特殊的情结,宋诗风行三百年而不衰即是其表征之一。作为宣扬宋诗载体之一的选本,也因此呈现出繁荣发达的态势。清人编辑宋诗选本的动机与背景,复杂而多元,诸如诗学论争、政治生态、教育科举、科技水平、藏书状况、经济条件、文人雅集等因素都曾在宋诗选本的形成过程中发挥了不同程度的作用。从这些因素出发考察清人宋诗选本的类型,我们发现主要有四种:回应诗争型、宣扬诗教型、指导初学型、辑存文献型,这些类型非为清人宋诗选本所独有,也是清人编其他选本的常见类型。

The Song poetry, populating three-century without any decline, was a special attachment to the Qing. The anthology, as one of the carriers to spread the Song poetry, exhibited prosperous development. A relative role in the anthology compilationwas multi-faceted considering about the motivation as well as the background for the Qing Dynasty people. Given these factors, four types of the anthology were found： response to poetry debate, poetry teaching and preaching, guidance to the young learners and storing documents and these types, not unique to the anthology of the Song poetry, are very common for the Qing Dynasty people to compile other anthologies.