重庆市社区居民对气候变化知识、态度、行为及其影响因素调查

A Survey on Knowledge,Attitudes,Behavior of Community Residents in Chongqing on Climate Change and its Influencing Factors

目的了解重庆市社区居民对气候变化的知识、态度、行为情况及其影响因素。方法选择典型社区,采取多层次单纯随机抽样,抽取18岁及以上、无认知障碍、居住两年及两年以上的常住社区居民为调查对象。结果在最受关注的社会热点问题和公共卫生问题中,气候变化分别列第七位和第五位;气候变化知晓率72.49%;获取知识途径主要为电视(47.95%)、网络(24.20%)、报刊(17.50%);78.88%社区居民认为目前热浪给人类生产生活带来的影响严重,81.43%对获得气候变化与健康的相关知识感兴趣,84.63%愿意参加适应气候变化保护人群健康的活动,86.61%希望获得气候变化健康影响的预警预报;64.69%的社区居民能够主动向医疗卫生人员咨询天气变化对健康的影响,88.60%关注天气预报,99.09%使用空调,68.85%会注意适时开窗通风;影响气候变化知识、态度、行为因素为文化程度和平时是否经常锻炼。结论重庆市社区居民应对气候变化有良好的态度,但关注度、相关知识的认知正确率和对气候变化的适应能力有待提高。加强电视、网络等大众媒体的宣传力度是提高气候变化认识和适应能力的有效途径。

Objective To study the knowledge,attitudes,behaviors of community residents in Chongqing on climate change and its influencing factors. Methods Simple random sampling method was used for data collection. Residents above 18 year-old without cognitive impairment and living in the selected typical community for two years or more were sampled as research subjects and surveyed by questionnaire. Results Among the hottest social issues and public health issues,climate change ranked the seventh and fifth respectively. The awareness of climate change was 72. 49%. Principal channels to obtain the knowledge were television（ 47. 95%）,internet（ 24. 20%）and newspapers（ 17. 50%）; 78. 88% of community residents considered the heat wave having the worst effect on people＇s production and living,81. 43% of residents interested in the knowledge related to climate change and health; 84. 63% of residents were willing to take part in activities of adaptation to climate change to protect people＇s health; 86. 61% of residents hoped to get an early warning and forecasting on climate change which might affect health; 64. 69% of residents took initiatives to consult with health service personnel on the influence of weather change on health; 88. 60% of residents paid attention to weather forecast; 99. 09% of residents used air conditioning; 68. 85% of residents opened window frequently. Factors affecting the knowledge,attitude and practice on climate change were the frequency of physical training and level of education for residents. Conclusions The awareness of residents on climate change was high in Chongqing,but the degree of attention,the adaptation to climate change and the correct cognition of related knowledge remain to be improved. So,intensifying publicity and education through mass media,such as television and the internet is an effective way to improve the awareness and adaptability of residents on climate change.