兰州市西固居民家庭居住环境与呼吸系统疾病两周患病率关系研究

Relationship between Living Environment and Respiratory Diseases in Lanzhou Residents

目的探讨兰州市西固区社区居民家庭居住环境与呼吸系统疾病的关联性,为防治呼吸系统疾病提供科学依据。方法在兰州市西固社区随机抽取1 032例居民进行问卷调查,收集居民家庭居住环境与呼吸系统疾病情况资料。采用Epidata 3.0软件录入信息,运用SPSS 19.0统计软件对西固社区居民家庭居住环境(家附近交通要道、通风情况、冬季做饭燃料、取暖方式等)与呼吸系统疾病(急性鼻咽炎、急性支气管炎、肺炎等)的关联性进行统计分析。结果于2014年7月-10月对研究对象调查结果显示,在夏秋季节每周开窗通风次数小于3次的情况下,其哮喘两周患病率升高(P<0.05);在近一年是购买过家具及冬春季节每周开窗通风次数小于3次的情况下,其慢性鼻炎/咽炎两周患病率升高(P<0.05)。结论兰州市西固区居民家庭居住夏秋通风情况、近一年内是否购买过家具和冬春通风情况是社区居民呼吸系统疾病的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the association between incidence of respiratory diseases and living environment of residents in Xigu District of Lanzhou city,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. Methods The data of 1 032 cases were collected by questionnaire to investigate the residential conditions and the incidence of respiratory diseases in the Xigu District of Lanzhou. The information was input by using Epidata 3. 0 and the relationship between the living environment（ a bus route near the house,ventilation,cooking fuel types,heating method in winter,etc.） of residents and the incidence of diseases for respiratory system（ acute nasopharyngitis,acute bronchitis,and pneumonia,etc.） were analyzed by the SPSS 19. 0 statistical software. Result The incidence of respiratory diseases was increased while the ventilation in living room was less than 3 times a week in the winter and spring or after buying new furniture. Conclusion Factors affecting the respiratory diseases of community residents in Xigu District of Lanzhou city were related to the ventilation in living room in the winter and spring and after buying new furniture.