广东青年的人口学特征及其对青年工作的启示

Demographic Characteristics of the Youth in Guangdong and Their Enlightenment to Youth Work

广东省14~35岁的青年人口数量全国最多,占人口比重全国最高。广东青年人口有着较为显著的特征:青年人口的61%分布在珠三角,39%分布在粤东西北;72%分布在城镇,28%分布在乡村;青年人口的性别比显著偏高,空间分布不平衡。珠三角男青年多,粤东西北女青年多;整体文化程度偏低,男性青年文化程度高于女性青年,城镇青年文化程度高于乡村青年;主要集中在第二产业就业,主动性失业现象突出;流动青年共1 947万,其中93%分布在珠三角。广东青年的上述人口学特征,是了解和掌握广东青年状况,制定青年政策和实现青年工作科学决策的重要依据。

The number of the youth aged 14 ~ 35 in Guangdong is the biggest which accounts for the highest proportion of the population in the country.The prominent characteristics of Guangdong youth population are showed as below： 61% of the population is distributed in the Pearl River Delta,39% in the northwest,72% in towns and 28% in the countryside.The gender ratio is significantly higher and its spatial distribution is uneven.There are more males in the Pearl River Delta but more females in the northwest.The overall degree of education is rather low.Male youth ＇s degree is higher than that of female youth and unban higher than rural.They are mainly concentrated in second industry employment with an active unemployment.Together there are 19,470,000 migrant youth,among which 93% are distributed in the Pearl River Delta.These demographic characteristics of the youth in Guangdong are important basis for understanding and mastering the present youth situation,making youth policies and realizing scientific decision-making.