对《中华人民共和国土地管理法(修正案)》(征求意见稿)的思考及探讨

Thinking and Discussion on the Law of the People's Republic of China on Land Administration(Amendment)

2017年5月23日,国土资源部发布了《中华人民共和国土地管理法(修正案)》(征求意见稿)(以下简称征求意见稿),意见稿从健全土地征收制度、集体经营性建设用地入市、探索宅基地自愿有偿退出机制、强化土地保护制度构建等四个方面对现行《土地管理法》作了重点修改,是本次最大的亮点,较为全面地回应了近些年社会各界对土地管理的各项改革诉求,有利于维护和保障农民土地权益,促进土地资源优化配置,进一步推动城乡一体化,为初步建立健全土地改革相关配套长效机制奠定基础。但本次修改也存在公共利益界定宽泛、外界监督机制不健全、第三方评估机制缺失、与其他部门法律衔接不畅等问题,这关系到新土地法实施的影响和效果,亟待理论层面的梳理探讨,并提出解决方案。

On May 23, 2017, the Ministry of Land and Resources issued the Land Administration Law of the People＇s Republic of China （Amendment） （draft for soliciting opinions）. The draft was mainly amended from four aspects： to improve the land acquisition system, to bring the collective commercial construction land into market, to explore the voluntary compensated homestead resettlement mechanism, and to strengthen the construction of land protection system. This is the highlight of this amendment, which comprehensively responds to the social appeals in recent years on the reform of land management, helps the maintenance and protection of farmers＇ land rights and interests, promotes the optimal allocation of land resources and aids the integration of urban and rural areas even more, so that a foundation is laid for initial establishment of a long-term mechanism for sound land reform. However, there are some problems such as broad definition of public interest, lack of external supervision mechanism, absence of third party evaluation mechanism and poor law convergence with other departments, which concern the impacts and effects of the new land law application, and need to be urgently sorted and solved, so that solutions can be proposed