水土保持与水生态文明的关系及其规划问题

Relationship and several planning issues between soil and water conservation and water ecological civilization

水土保持和水生态文明建设是国家生态文明建设的重要组成部分,加强与水有关的生态建设也是水利部新时期改革发展的新要求。为正确认识和处理新时期水土保持与水生态文明的关系,充分发挥水土保持在水生态文明建设中的作用,本文通过对水土保持与水生态文明概念、内涵的阐述,分析了水土保持与水生态文明的区别与联系,明确了水生态文明建设中水土保持核心内容:一是水土保持功能的维护和提高,二是水土保持功能的保护与恢复。进一步讨论了生态文明规划中水土保持专题规划的关键技术与重点内容,提出水土保持专题规划应着力于为水生态文明建设创造良好水土与植被条件,达到维护和提高区域水土保持功能,特别是达到水源涵养、水质维护、土壤保持、拦沙减沙的目的。

[Background] Water and soil conservation and water ecological civilization construction are essential sections of national ecological civilization construction. Also,it is urgent to strengthen the ecological construction associated with water for satisfying the reform and development of the Ministry of Water Resources in the new era. In order to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between soil and water conservation and water ecological civilization in the new era,as well as giving full play to the role of soil and water conservation in the construction of water ecological civilization,the article was generated. [Methods] Firstly,the difference and relationship between water and soil conservation and water ecological civilization construction were analyzed by clarifying the concepts and connotation of them. On the basis of the clarification,the core contents of soil and water conservation in the construction of water ecological civilization were defined and picked out. Furthermore,the key techniques and key contents of thematic planning of soil and water conservation in ecological civilization planning were discussed by the same way,including the relationship,the entire allocation,main tasks and goals,key technical links,demand analysis,partition layout and measure system,key projects and their main contents. [Results]Through those analyses,we came to three results. First,soil and water conservationis a basic work of land remediation,with emphasis on combination and harmony of water and soil. While water ecological civilization is a more macroscopic and powerful guiding ideology. The acting point of the water and soil conservation is the protection and construction of the related terrestrial ecosystem for the construction of water ecological civilization,so as to provide a healthy land and vegetation condition.Second,there are two parts of the soil and water conservation closely related to the construction of water ecological civilization,which are the protection and rehabilitation of water ecological restoration within national spatial,and the ecological protection of the construction and operation of water conservancy projects. Thus the core contents of soil and water conservation in the construction of water ecological civilization are the maintenance and improvement,protection and restoration,of the function of soil and water conservation. Third,we put forward that the thematic planning of water and soil conservation should be emphasized on the creation of a healthy land and vegetation condition for the construction of water ecological civilization,which could accomplish the goals of maintenance and improvement of regional soil and water conservation,especially for water conservation,water quality maintenance,soil conservation,and sand blockage and reduction. [Conculsions]Clearing the position of the soil and water conservation in the construction of water ecological civilization is extremely important for the planning and operation of them both. Therefore,finding the linkage and starting with them could find a shortcut to maintaining and improving regional soil and water conservation function.