围产期乙型肝炎病毒母婴垂直传播的防治

Prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection about mother-to-child transmission in pregnancy

乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染是一个全球性的公共卫生问题,其中母婴传播是乙肝慢性感染的主要途径。新生儿期暴露感染后,约90%将变成慢性乙型肝炎,感染率与年龄呈负相关。有效阻断HBV母婴传播是控制乙型肝炎流行和HBV相关疾病的关键措施。随着核苷类抗病毒药物的应用,明显提高了母婴传播阻断率,改善HBV感染对妊娠结局的不良影响,其有效性及安全性得到了证实。

Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection is a global public health problem. Mother-to-child transmission is the main pathway of chronic hepatitis B infection. After exposure of HBV during neonatal period, about 90% infants will become chronic hepatitis B, and the infection rate is negatively correlated with age. Effective blocking mother-to-child transmission of HBV is the key measure to control hepatitis B epidemic and HBV-related diseases. With the application of nucleoside antiviral drugs, it is obvious that blocking rate of the mother-to-child transmission is increased and the adverse effects induced by HBV infection on pregnancy outcome are improved. The effectiveness and safety of the drugs are confirmed.