阳明及阳明后学与东林书院发展考略

A Research on the Development of Yangming and Yangming's Post-learning and Donglin College

明代东林书院以"斗士"形象而闻名,政治上斗阉党,学术上则以反王学最为著名。在东林书院的各类文献记载中,王学基本以"末流""邪学"形象出现。然而,认真考据明代东林书院的修复、兴盛历程,发现事实并非如此。首先,东林书院的成功修复与阳明、阳明后学的支持分不开;其次,东林书院的学术传承,无法真正绕开阳明学,其书院制度亦多受益于阳明、阳明后学的书院建设理念与成就;第三,东林书院陷入党争之时,不少阳明后学奋力奔走挽救,东林党人与阳明后学之间不乏相互欣赏者。两者的矛盾其实仅止于学术立场,在其他方面极为融洽,因此,疏理、澄清二者的关系至为重要。

The Donglin College in Ming Dynasty is famous for its image of ＂fighter＂,who fought against the eunuch party politically.But it is well-known that this colleage is academically anti Wang＇s academic achievement. As can be observed from various literature records in the Donglin College , Wang＇s learning almost emerged with the two main learing of ＂late flow＂ and ＂evil ＂. However, After a rigorous research of the process of Donglin College＇s restoration and thrive in Ming Dynasty,we can discover that it is associated with the Wangs in the many aspects of College＇s restoration, system construction, academic heritage and so on.So their relationship is not like what we thought as being antagonistic to each other.