江苏沿江地区裸大麦品种的产量及其品质性状的差异性分析

Difference Analysis of Yield and Quality Characters of Naked Barley Varieties in Region Along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province

为了了解不同裸大麦品种在江苏沿江、沿海地区的丰产性、适应性和品质特性,筛选出适合本地区种植的优质、高产裸大麦新品种,试验研究比较了7个裸大麦品种和1个皮大麦品种的生物学性状、产量及构成因素、抗逆性、品质等指标。结果表明:(1)从生育期角度,7个裸大麦品种均适合在江苏省大麦产区种植,‘通麦6号’系半冬性品种,播期弹性较小,要求适当早播。(2)从产量和抗逆性角度,‘东陈元麦’为六棱品种,丰产性、抗倒性差,不适宜在江苏省推广种植;‘苏裸麦2号’丰产性好,但轻感大麦黄花叶病,适宜在江苏黄花叶病轻病田种植,‘青元麦’和‘苏裸麦1号’稳产性好,抗大麦黄花叶病,适宜在江苏大麦产区种植。(3)从品质角度,‘青元麦’品种β-葡聚糖含量高、粗纤维含量较低、淀粉含量较高,品质好,可作特色杂粮开发利用;‘苏裸麦1号’、‘苏裸麦2号’β-葡聚糖含量较高、粗纤维含量较低、淀粉含量较高,品质较好,可作优质杂粮开发利用。

To understand the high yield, adaptability and quality characters of different naked barley varietiesin the region along the Yangtze River and the coastal areas in Jiangsu Province, and select new naked barleyvarieties with good-quality and high-yield which are suitable for planting in these regions, we compared thebiological properties, yield and its composition factors, stress resistance, amd quality of seven naked barleyvarieties and one barley variety. The results showed that：（1） as to growth stage, 7 naked barley varieties weresuitable for planting in barley areas of Jiangsu Province,‘Tong mai 6＇was a semi-winter variety, its sowingtime was less flexible and it should be sowed early;（2） as to yield and stress resistance,‘Dong chen nakedbarley＇was a six-rowed variety with less yield and poor lodging resistance, it was not suitable for beingplanted in Jiangsu Province,‘Su luo mai 2＇had good yield, but was lightly infected by barley yellow mosaicdisease, thus it could be planted in the field with less yellow mosaic disease in Jiangsu,‘Qing naked barley＇and‘Su luo mai 1＇had good stable yield, resistance to barley yellow mosaic disease and were suitable forbeing cultivated in barley producing areas of Jiangsu;（3） as to quality,‘Qing naked barely＇contained high β-glucan, low crude fiber, higher starch and had good quality, it could be developed and used as special grains;‘Su luo mai 1＇and‘Su luo mai 2＇contained higher β-glucan, low crude fiber, higher starch, and had betterquality, and could be developed and used as good-quality grains.