生物菌肥和土壤调理剂对大棚春黄瓜生长、产量和病害的影响

Effects of Bio-bacterial Fertilizer and Soil Amendment on Growth, Yield and Disease of Greenhouse Spring Cucumber

探讨生物菌肥、土壤调理剂及其配施处理对大棚春黄瓜生长、产量及病虫害的影响。试验设968、土壤调理剂、968+土壤调理剂、EM+土壤调理剂、968+EM+土壤调理剂及对照(施基肥和常规追肥)共6个处理,每个处理设3次重复,共有18个处理小区,各处理小区采用随机区组排列,每畦面积为10.3 m2。定植后,采取5点取样20株黄瓜,挂牌定株调查与测量。结果表明:生物菌肥、土壤调理剂及其配施处理都对黄瓜生长表现一定的促进作用,可使株高和茎粗增加,节间缩短,其中以"EM+968+调理剂"配施处理的促进效果显著。生物菌肥、土壤调理剂及其配施处理也均提高了黄瓜的单果重和产量,其中以"EM+968+调理剂"配施处理的效果最为显著。不同试验处理也均不同程度地降低了大棚黄瓜霜霉病、靶斑病的发病率和病情指数,并提高了防治效果,而其中"EM+968+调理剂"配施处理的防病效果最好,"968+调理剂"处理的防治效果次之。可见,生物菌肥和土壤调理剂配施处理的加成效应比较显著。

The effects of bio-bacterial fertilizer and soil amendment on the growth, yield and disease of greenhouse spring cucumber were studied. The results showed that three treatments（bio-bacterial fertilizer,soil amendment and their combination） had positive effects on growth performance of cucumber, and increased the plant height and stem diameter, internodes were shortened. Among them the＂EM ＋ 968 ＋ amendment＂treatment had the most significant effect. The single fruit weight and yield of cucumber were also increased by those treatments and the best effect was found in treatment＂EM ＋ 968 ＋ amendment＂. In addition, alltreatments decreased the disease incidence rate and disease index of cucumber downy mildew and target spotand improved the prevention and control effect, treatment＂EM ＋ 968 ＋ amendment＂was the best, andfollowed by＂968 ＋ amendment＂. Therefore, the combination of bio-bacterial fertilizer and soil amendment had a significant positive effect on spring cucumber in greenhouse cultivation.